Biomimetic Hierarchical Structuring of PLA by Ultra-Short Laser Pulses for Processing of Tissue Engineered Matrices: Study of Cellular and Antibacterial Behavior

The influence of ultra-short laser modification on the surface morphology and possible chemical alteration poly-lactic acid (PLA) matrix in respect to optimization cellular antibacterial behavior were investigated this study. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) morphological examination processed PLA showed formation diverse hierarchical microstructures, generated by irradiation with a range fluences (F) scanning velocities (V) values. By controlling parameters, roughness can be achieved, thus influencing dynamics. This feedback applied finely tune control biomaterial properties like wettability, reflectivity, biomimetics. triggering thermal effects, leading ejection material subsequent solidification raised rims 3D-like hollow structures along zones, demonstrated direct correlation wettability PLA. A transition from superhydrophobic (thetha > 150 deg.) super hydrophilic < 20 surfaces achieved creation grooves V = 0.6 mm/s, F 1.7 J/cm2. architecture affected thickness samples which linked nature laser-material interaction namely precipitation temperature distribution during processing strongly minimized ultrashort pulses non-thermal spatially localized effects that facilitate volume ablation without collateral damage.